specialClass is an analog of functools.partial but for classes.
We can now use it instead of partial() in mn, so that Mininet
can introspect on the actual base class.

Fixes #488

If you try to use the low-level API, you are probably
not going to call batchStartup()! So, we set batch=False
by default. This means that buildFromTopo() needs to set
it to True, so we add a bit of irritatingly complex machinery
to allow this to happen. The good fallout of this is that
now customConstructor() returns a real subclass, not simply
a constructor function! We also detect errors where people
are incorrectly attempting to give parameters to a lambda
function - since none of our lambdas accept parameters!!

Note that this is a bit like functools.partial for classes -
it would be nice if functools had a true subclassing function.

In my opinion, we really shouldn't even get POLLHUP, but
we do. In case we get anything else odd, quite polling on
that fd.

It's tricky to get this right, but basically we want to read
if there is something to read; if not, we want to check for
EOF.

fixes #448

We add a new experimental feature to allow Mininet to run across
a cluster of machines. This is currently implemented via a set
mix-in classes that provide remote nodes that are implemented
via a connection to a remote shell, and remote links which are
tunnels across servers. In this preliminary implementation,
both control and data connections are made via ssh, but this
could change in the future.

A MininetCluster class is provided which allows existing code
to be used with minimal modification - all that is required is
to provide a list of servers to use. A customizable placement
algorithm may also be specified. An experimental CLI subclass
is also provided to make it easier to examine node placement;
status and links commands can also check whether nodes and
tunnels are still running.

Although this is an experimental feature, it does include a
--cluster option to make it convenient to start up a Mininet
simulation over a cluster, and a script to assist with setting
up the prerequisite authentication via ssh key pairs.

The cluster feature is preliminary and missing some obvious
important features, such as parallel startup and multiple tunnel
types, which we hope to add in the future.