#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Mininet runner
author: Brandon Heller (brandonh@stanford.edu)
To see options:
sudo mn -h
Example to pull custom params (topo, switch, etc.) from a file:
sudo mn --custom ~/mininet/custom/custom_example.py
"""
from optparse import OptionParser
import os
import sys
import time
# Fix setuptools' evil madness, and open up (more?) security holes
if 'PYTHONPATH' in os.environ:
sys.path = os.environ[ 'PYTHONPATH' ].split( ':' ) + sys.path
from mininet.clean import cleanup
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import lg, LEVELS, info, debug, warn, error
from mininet.net import Mininet, MininetWithControlNet, VERSION
from mininet.node import ( Host, CPULimitedHost, Controller, OVSController,
RYU, NOX, RemoteController, findController, DefaultController,
UserSwitch, OVSSwitch, OVSBridge,
OVSLegacyKernelSwitch, IVSSwitch )
from mininet.nodelib import LinuxBridge
from mininet.link import Link, TCLink
from mininet.topo import SingleSwitchTopo, LinearTopo, SingleSwitchReversedTopo
from mininet.topolib import TreeTopo, TorusTopo
from mininet.util import custom, customConstructor
from mininet.util import buildTopo
from functools import partial
# Experimental! cluster edition prototype
from mininet.examples.cluster import ( MininetCluster, RemoteHost,
RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink,
SwitchBinPlacer, RandomPlacer )
from mininet.examples.clustercli import DemoCLI as ClusterCLI
PLACEMENT = { 'block': SwitchBinPlacer, 'random': RandomPlacer }
# built in topologies, created only when run
TOPODEF = 'minimal'
TOPOS = { 'minimal': lambda: SingleSwitchTopo( k=2 ),
'linear': LinearTopo,
'reversed': SingleSwitchReversedTopo,
'single': SingleSwitchTopo,
'tree': TreeTopo,
'torus': TorusTopo }
SWITCHDEF = 'default'
SWITCHES = { 'user': UserSwitch,
'ovs': OVSSwitch,
'ovsbr' : OVSBridge,
# Keep ovsk for compatibility with 2.0
'ovsk': OVSSwitch,
'ovsl': OVSLegacyKernelSwitch,
'ivs': IVSSwitch,
'lxbr': LinuxBridge,
'default': OVSSwitch }
HOSTDEF = 'proc'
HOSTS = { 'proc': Host,
'rt': custom( CPULimitedHost, sched='rt' ),
'cfs': custom( CPULimitedHost, sched='cfs' ) }
CONTROLLERDEF = 'default'
CONTROLLERS = { 'ref': Controller,
'ovsc': OVSController,
'nox': NOX,
'remote': RemoteController,
'ryu': RYU,
'default': DefaultController, # Note: replaced below
'none': lambda name: None }
LINKDEF = 'default'
LINKS = { 'default': Link,
'tc': TCLink }
# optional tests to run
TESTS = [ 'cli', 'build', 'pingall', 'pingpair', 'iperf', 'all', 'iperfudp',
'none' ]
ALTSPELLING = { 'pingall': 'pingAll',
'pingpair': 'pingPair',
'iperfudp': 'iperfUdp',
'iperfUDP': 'iperfUdp' }
def addDictOption( opts, choicesDict, default, name, helpStr=None ):
"""Convenience function to add choices dicts to OptionParser.
opts: OptionParser instance
choicesDict: dictionary of valid choices, must include default
default: default choice key
name: long option name
help: string"""
if default not in choicesDict:
raise Exception( 'Invalid default %s for choices dict: %s' %
( default, name ) )
if not helpStr:
helpStr = ( '|'.join( sorted( choicesDict.keys() ) ) +
'[,param=value...]' )
opts.add_option( '--' + name,
type='string',
default = default,
help = helpStr )
def version( *_args ):
"Print Mininet version and exit"
print "%s" % VERSION
exit()
class MininetRunner( object ):
"Build, setup, and run Mininet."
def __init__( self ):
"Init."
self.options = None
self.args = None # May be used someday for more CLI scripts
self.validate = None
self.parseArgs()
self.setup()
self.begin()
def setCustom( self, name, value ):
"Set custom parameters for MininetRunner."
if name in ( 'topos', 'switches', 'hosts', 'controllers' ):
# Update dictionaries
param = name.upper()
globals()[ param ].update( value )
elif name == 'validate':
# Add custom validate function
self.validate = value
else:
# Add or modify global variable or class
globals()[ name ] = value
def parseCustomFile( self, fileName ):
"Parse custom file and add params before parsing cmd-line options."
customs = {}
if os.path.isfile( fileName ):
execfile( fileName, customs, customs )
for name, val in customs.iteritems():
self.setCustom( name, val )
else:
raise Exception( 'could not find custom file: %s' % fileName )
def parseArgs( self ):
"""Parse command-line args and return options object.
returns: opts parse options dict"""
if '--custom' in sys.argv:
index = sys.argv.index( '--custom' )
if len( sys.argv ) > index + 1:
filename = sys.argv[ index + 1 ]
self.parseCustomFile( filename )
else:
raise Exception( 'Custom file name not found' )
desc = ( "The %prog utility creates Mininet network from the\n"
"command line. It can create parametrized topologies,\n"
"invoke the Mininet CLI, and run tests." )
usage = ( '%prog [options]\n'
'(type %prog -h for details)' )
opts = OptionParser( description=desc, usage=usage )
addDictOption( opts, SWITCHES, SWITCHDEF, 'switch' )
addDictOption( opts, HOSTS, HOSTDEF, 'host' )
addDictOption( opts, CONTROLLERS, CONTROLLERDEF, 'controller' )
addDictOption( opts, LINKS, LINKDEF, 'link' )
addDictOption( opts, TOPOS, TOPODEF, 'topo' )
opts.add_option( '--clean', '-c', action='store_true',
default=False, help='clean and exit' )
opts.add_option( '--custom', type='string', default=None,
help='read custom topo and node params from .py' +
'file' )
opts.add_option( '--test', type='choice', choices=TESTS,
default=TESTS[ 0 ],
help='|'.join( TESTS ) )
opts.add_option( '--xterms', '-x', action='store_true',
default=False, help='spawn xterms for each node' )
opts.add_option( '--ipbase', '-i', type='string', default='10.0.0.0/8',
help='base IP address for hosts' )
opts.add_option( '--mac', action='store_true',
default=False, help='automatically set host MACs' )
opts.add_option( '--arp', action='store_true',
default=False, help='set all-pairs ARP entries' )
opts.add_option( '--verbosity', '-v', type='choice',
choices=LEVELS.keys(), default = 'info',
help = '|'.join( LEVELS.keys() ) )
opts.add_option( '--innamespace', action='store_true',
default=False, help='sw and ctrl in namespace?' )
opts.add_option( '--listenport', type='int', default=6634,
help='base port for passive switch listening' )
opts.add_option( '--nolistenport', action='store_true',
default=False, help="don't use passive listening " +
"port")
opts.add_option( '--pre', type='string', default=None,
help='CLI script to run before tests' )
opts.add_option( '--post', type='string', default=None,
help='CLI script to run after tests' )
opts.add_option( '--pin', action='store_true',
default=False, help="pin hosts to CPU cores "
"(requires --host cfs or --host rt)" )
opts.add_option( '--nat', action='store_true',
default=False, help="adds a NAT to the topology "
"that connects Mininet to the physical network" )
opts.add_option( '--version', action='callback', callback=version )
opts.add_option( '--cluster', type='string', default=None,
metavar='server1,server2...',
help=( 'run on multiple servers (experimental!)' ) )
opts.add_option( '--placement', type='choice',
choices=PLACEMENT.keys(), default='block',
metavar='block|random',
help=( 'node placement for --cluster '
'(experimental!) ' ) )
self.options, self.args = opts.parse_args()
# We don't accept extra arguments after the options
if self.args:
opts.print_help()
exit()
def setup( self ):
"Setup and validate environment."
# set logging verbosity
if LEVELS[self.options.verbosity] > LEVELS['output']:
print ( '*** WARNING: selected verbosity level (%s) will hide CLI '
'output!\n'
'Please restart Mininet with -v [debug, info, output].'
% self.options.verbosity )
lg.setLogLevel( self.options.verbosity )
def begin( self ):
"Create and run mininet."
global CLI
if self.options.clean:
cleanup()
exit()
start = time.time()
if self.options.controller == 'default':
# Update default based on available controllers
CONTROLLERS[ 'default' ] = findController()
if CONTROLLERS[ 'default' ] is None:
if self.options.switch == 'default':
# Fall back to OVS Bridge, which does not use an OF controller
info( '*** No default OpenFlow controller found for default switch!\n' )
info( '*** Falling back to OVS Bridge\n' )
self.options.switch = 'ovsbr'
self.options.controller = 'none'
elif self.options.switch in ( 'ovsbr', 'lxbr' ):
self.options.controller = 'none'
else:
raise Exception( "Could not find a default controller for switch %s" %
self.options.switch )
topo = buildTopo( TOPOS, self.options.topo )
switch = customConstructor( SWITCHES, self.options.switch )
host = customConstructor( HOSTS, self.options.host )
controller = customConstructor( CONTROLLERS, self.options.controller )
link = customConstructor( LINKS, self.options.link )
if self.validate:
self.validate( self.options )
ipBase = self.options.ipbase
xterms = self.options.xterms
mac = self.options.mac
arp = self.options.arp
pin = self.options.pin
listenPort = None
if not self.options.nolistenport:
listenPort = self.options.listenport
# Handle inNamespace, cluster options
inNamespace = self.options.innamespace
cluster = self.options.cluster
if inNamespace and cluster:
print "Please specify --innamespace OR --cluster"
exit()
Net = MininetWithControlNet if inNamespace else Mininet
if cluster:
warn( '*** WARNING: Experimental cluster mode!\n'
'*** Using RemoteHost, RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink\n' )
host, switch, link = RemoteHost, RemoteOVSSwitch, RemoteLink
CLI = ClusterCLI
Net = partial( MininetCluster, servers=cluster.split( ',' ),
placement=PLACEMENT[ self.options.placement ] )
mn = Net( topo=topo,
switch=switch, host=host, controller=controller,
link=link,
ipBase=ipBase,
inNamespace=inNamespace,
xterms=xterms, autoSetMacs=mac,
autoStaticArp=arp, autoPinCpus=pin,
listenPort=listenPort )
if self.options.nat:
nat = mn.addNAT()
nat.configDefault()
if self.options.pre:
CLI( mn, script=self.options.pre )
test = self.options.test
test = ALTSPELLING.get( test, test )
mn.start()
if test == 'none':
pass
elif test == 'all':
mn.waitConnected()
mn.start()
mn.ping()
mn.iperf()
elif test == 'cli':
CLI( mn )
elif test != 'build':
mn.waitConnected()
getattr( mn, test )()
if self.options.post:
CLI( mn, script=self.options.post )
mn.stop()
elapsed = float( time.time() - start )
info( 'completed in %0.3f seconds\n' % elapsed )
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
MininetRunner()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
info( "\n\nKeyboard Interrupt. Shutting down and cleaning up...\n\n")
cleanup()
except Exception:
# Print exception
type_, val_, trace_ = sys.exc_info()
errorMsg = ( "-"*80 + "\n" +
"Caught exception. Cleaning up...\n\n" +
"%s: %s\n" % ( type_.__name__, val_ ) +
"-"*80 + "\n" )
error( errorMsg )
# Print stack trace to debug log
import traceback
stackTrace = traceback.format_exc()
debug( stackTrace + "\n" )
cleanup()